A Town Shaped by Kumano Faith
Nachikatsuura is one of the central areas of the UNESCO World Heritage site “Sacred Sites and Pilgrimage Routes in the Kii Mountain Range.” For centuries, pilgrims have traveled through this region on their way to the sacred sites of the Kumano Sanzan, the three major shrines of Kumano.
During the Heian period (794–1185), retired emperors, members of the aristocracy, and other pilgrims made the difficult journey to Kumano. So many people traveled along the routes that the pilgrimage became known as “the Kumano pilgrimage of ants,” referring to the long lines of travelers that resembled streams of ants.
Today, sections of the Kumano Kodo still preserve stone-paved paths, ancient trees, and historic pilgrimage sites. Walking these trails provides a direct connection with more than a thousand years of spiritual history.
A Mild Climate Between Mountains and Sea
Thanks to the influence of the warm Kuroshio Current, Nachikatsuura enjoys a relatively mild climate throughout the year. Winters are generally warm compared with many other parts of Japan, and snowfall is rare.
Another distinctive feature is the close proximity of the mountains and the ocean. Within a short journey, the scenery can change from rugged coastlines and fishing villages to dense, primeval forests.
The ria coastline has created numerous sheltered bays and natural harbors. Katsuura Port developed as one of the region’s most important fishing ports, while coastal attractions such as Noroshima Peninsula and Kinoshima offer spectacular views of the islands and rocky coastline.
Kumano Nachi Taisha and Nachi Mountain
Kumano Nachi Taisha Grand Shrine
Kumano Nachi Taisha is one of the three great shrines of Kumano and one of the best-known sacred sites in Wakayama. The present shrine buildings stand on the slopes of Nachi Mountain at an elevation of approximately 500 meters, where their brilliant vermilion color contrasts beautifully with the surrounding green forest.
The shrine is dedicated to numerous deities, including its principal deity, Kumano Fusumi-no-Okami. For centuries, it has been an important center of Kumano faith and a destination for pilgrims seeking spiritual purification and blessings.
The shrine is also associated with the worship of Yatagarasu, the legendary three-legged crow. In Japanese tradition, Yatagarasu is regarded as a divine guide who helps people find the right path. Visitors can find its image represented in various forms throughout the shrine.
Seiganto-ji Temple
Next to Kumano Nachi Taisha stands Seiganto-ji Temple, an ancient Buddhist temple and the first temple on the Saigoku Kannon Pilgrimage, a historic pilgrimage route visiting 33 sacred sites dedicated to Kannon, the Buddhist bodhisattva of compassion.
During the long period of Shinto-Buddhist syncretism in Japan, the temple and Kumano Nachi Taisha formed part of a shared religious complex. The area also became an important center of Shugendo, a Japanese mountain ascetic tradition.
One of the most iconic views in Wakayama can be found here: the three-story pagoda with Nachi Falls in the background. The vivid vermilion pagoda, brilliant white waterfall, and deep green mountains create a spectacular scene that has become one of the signature images of Japan.
Nachi Falls – One of Japan’s Great Waterfalls
A Sacred Waterfall of Extraordinary Power
Nachi Falls is one of Japan’s most famous waterfalls and is traditionally counted among the country’s three great waterfalls. With a drop of approximately 133 meters, it is one of Japan’s highest single-drop waterfalls.
Long before modern tourism developed, the waterfall itself was regarded as a sacred presence. It is the sacred object of worship at Hiro Shrine, the subsidiary shrine of Kumano Nachi Taisha. Unlike ordinary shrines, Hiro Shrine does not have a conventional main sanctuary because the waterfall itself is considered the sacred body of the deity.
Standing before the falls, visitors can hear the tremendous roar of the water as it plunges down the mountainside. The cool spray and powerful sound create an atmosphere that makes it easy to understand why this place has inspired spiritual devotion for centuries.
At the Otakihonojo worship area, visitors can approach the waterfall more closely and appreciate its immense scale. Sacred spring water is also available here and is traditionally associated with blessings for longevity.
The Changing Beauty of the Seasons
Nachi Falls offers a different atmosphere throughout the year. In spring and early summer, the waterfall is surrounded by fresh green foliage, while autumn brings colorful leaves that contrast beautifully with the white cascade.
On rainy days, mist can rise through the forest, creating an especially mysterious atmosphere. Early morning visits can be particularly peaceful, when the surrounding area is quiet and the spiritual character of the landscape feels especially strong.
Walking the Kumano Kodo at Daimon-zaka
A Stone Path with a Thousand-Year History
Daimon-zaka is one of the most popular and atmospheric sections of the Kumano Kodo. The approximately 650-meter-long stone-paved path winds through a forest of towering cedar trees.
Moss-covered stones, ancient trees, and filtered sunlight create a timeless atmosphere. Walking along this quiet path can feel like stepping back into the age of medieval pilgrims traveling toward Kumano’s sacred sites.
After rain, the wet stones and deep green vegetation create an especially atmospheric landscape. For visitors who want to experience the spiritual character of the Kumano Kodo without undertaking a long-distance hike, Daimon-zaka is an excellent choice.
The Meoto Sugi Cedar Trees
Near the entrance to Daimon-zaka stand the famous Meoto Sugi, or “Husband-and-Wife Cedars.” These two enormous trees, said to be approximately 800 years old, stand side by side as if they are a married couple.
Because of this appearance, the trees have become a symbol of marital harmony and family happiness. They are a popular place for photographs and a memorable landmark along the pilgrimage route.
Taibatsu Oji
Along the route is the historic site of Taifuki Oji, one of the traditional Kumano Kujuku Oji, or the “Ninety-Nine Prince Shrines.” These small sacred sites once served as important places of worship and rest for pilgrims traveling along the Kumano Kodo.
Experience the World of Heian-Era Pilgrims
At Daimon-zaka Chaya, visitors can rent traditional Heian-period costumes. Dressing in historical clothing and walking along the ancient pilgrimage route offers a unique way to imagine what a journey to Kumano might have looked like centuries ago.
It is particularly popular with visitors who want to combine cultural experiences with photography in the atmospheric surroundings of the Kumano Kodo.
The Quiet Kakenuke Trail
Travelers looking for a more secluded experience can explore the Kakenuke Trail, which leads toward Myohozan Amidaji Temple. Compared with Daimon-zaka, this route is quieter and passes through a more secluded forest environment.
The trail is associated with the mountain ascetic traditions of Kumano and offers a chance to experience the peaceful forest landscape that has long been central to the area’s spiritual culture.
Katsuura Port – The Town of Fresh Tuna
One of Japan’s Leading Fresh Tuna Ports
One of the defining features of Nachikatsuura’s food culture is fresh tuna. Katsuura Port is renowned as one of Japan’s leading ports for tuna landed using longline fishing methods.
What makes the tuna particularly special is that it can be enjoyed fresh rather than frozen. Its firm, silky texture and rich flavor offer a distinctive taste that is highly valued by seafood lovers.
The Tuna Auction at Katsuura Wholesale Market
Early in the morning, the Katsuura Regional Wholesale Market comes alive with the activity of the tuna auction. Large tuna are lined up across the market as buyers and sellers conduct business in the lively atmosphere of the fishing port.
A viewing area allows visitors to observe the market atmosphere while respecting the work of the professionals. Seeing the huge fish arranged at the market offers a fascinating glimpse into the town’s fishing culture.
Katsuura Fishing Port Market
Next to the harbor, the Katsuura Fishing Port Market offers visitors the opportunity to taste freshly caught tuna and other local seafood. Popular choices include tuna rice bowls, sashimi, and dishes made from less familiar cuts of the fish.
Tuna cutting demonstrations are another popular attraction. Skilled fishmongers demonstrate how a large tuna is expertly prepared, offering a close-up look at one of the techniques that supports the town’s famous food culture.
The market also has shops selling seafood, local soy sauce, and tuna-themed souvenirs, making it a convenient place to experience and take home a taste of Nachikatsuura.
Nachikatsuura – A Town of Hot Springs
Hot Springs by the Sea
Nachikatsuura is also one of Wakayama’s best-known hot spring destinations. The Nanki-Katsuura Onsen area has numerous hot spring baths, many of which offer beautiful views of the Pacific Ocean.
After walking the Kumano Kodo or visiting the area’s sacred sites, relaxing in a natural hot spring while listening to the sound of the ocean is an ideal way to recover from the day’s journey.
Hotel Urashima and Bokai-do
One of the area’s most famous bathing experiences is Bokai-do at Hotel Urashima. This remarkable bath is built inside a natural coastal cave, allowing guests to soak in hot spring water while listening to waves breaking against the rocks.
The name “Bokai-do” conveys the idea of “forgetting to return home”. According to tradition, a feudal lord of the Kishu Domain was so impressed by the bath that he praised it as a place so enjoyable that one could forget about returning home.
Yukawa Onsen and Day-Use Baths
Beyond Katsuura Onsen, the nearby Yukawa Onsen area is also known for its long history. It was traditionally used as a place for yuagari or hot-spring purification by pilgrims traveling to Kumano.
Facilities such as Kiyomon-yu, Yurinoyama Onsen, and Shiki-no-Sato Onsen offer different bathing experiences. Day-use facilities also make it possible for travelers to enjoy the region’s hot springs without staying overnight.
Relaxing Foot Baths
Several foot baths can be found around town, including Takino-yu, Maguro-no-yu, and Umi-no-yu. They provide an easy way to experience the area’s hot spring culture while taking a break during a walk around town.
Hotels Reached by Boat
Another distinctive feature of Katsuura is the number of accommodations located on islands and peninsulas around the bay. Some can be reached by dedicated hotel boats, turning even the journey to the accommodation into part of the travel experience.
Kumano-bettei Nakanoshima, for example, occupies an entire island and offers guests a peaceful stay surrounded by the sea. The journey across the water and the secluded setting create a memorable sense of escape.
Kinoshima and Whale Watching
Cruising Around Kinoshima
The waters around Katsuura Bay are dotted with numerous islands and rocky formations collectively known as Kinoshima. The combination of blue ocean, green islands, and the intricate ria coastline creates one of the signature coastal landscapes of southern Wakayama.
Boat cruises allow visitors to see the scenery from the water, offering a different perspective on the islands, cliffs, and sheltered bays.
Whale Watching in the Kumano-nada Sea
The Ukui area of Nachikatsuura is also known as an excellent destination for whale and dolphin watching. From spring through autumn, various marine mammals travel through the waters off the Kumano coast.
Among the most impressive species is the sperm whale, which can grow to more than 18 meters long. Watching one disappear beneath the surface while its enormous tail rises from the ocean is an unforgettable experience.
Other species that may be encountered include humpback whales, minke whales, false killer whales, melon-headed whales, bottlenose dolphins, and other marine mammals. Around 20 species of marine animals have been recorded in the area.
Observation boats departing from Ukui Port take visitors out into the open waters of the Kumano-nada Sea. For travelers interested in marine life, this offers a rare opportunity to encounter the wild nature of the Pacific up close.
Natural and Mysterious Places
Yukashi Lagoon
Yukashi Lagoon is a quiet coastal lagoon that was also admired by the literary figure Haruo Sato. Its peaceful waters and surrounding landscape make it a pleasant place for a leisurely walk and quiet appreciation of nature.
Butsubutsu River
Butsubutsu River is a fascinating natural curiosity. At approximately 13.5 meters long, it is known as the shortest Class 2 river in Japan.
The river’s name comes from the way groundwater bubbles up from the earth. Although extremely short, it is an interesting example of the unusual natural features found throughout the Kumano region.
Nachi Primeval Forest
The mountains around Nachi contain extensive areas of primeval forest. The dense forest surrounding Nachi Falls forms an important part of the sacred landscape and helps explain why mountains, waterfalls, trees, and rocks have been regarded as manifestations of the divine in Kumano traditions.
Nachi Highland Park
Nachi Highland Park is located on higher ground overlooking the Kumano-nada coast. On clear days, visitors can enjoy expansive views of the Pacific Ocean while appreciating the changing scenery of the surrounding countryside.
Irokawa Fujimi Pass
Irokawa Fujimi Pass, located near Myohozan, is known for the remarkable possibility of seeing Mount Fuji from more than 320 kilometers away under exceptionally clear conditions.
Although such views depend on weather and atmospheric conditions, the possibility of seeing Japan’s iconic mountain from such a great distance makes this a fascinating viewpoint for travelers.
Blue Beach Nachi
Blue Beach Nachi is a popular seaside swimming area with a broad sandy beach and clear coastal waters. During summer, it becomes a lively destination for beachgoers.
The area is also conveniently located near hot springs and roadside facilities, making it easy to combine a visit with other sightseeing activities. Early morning can be an especially beautiful time to visit, when the rising sun creates a peaceful atmosphere along the coast.
Historic Temples and Pilgrimage Heritage
Nachikatsuura is home to numerous historic temples and religious sites, including Fudarakusan-ji Temple, Myohozan Amidaji Temple, and Ukui Enmeiji Temple.
These places preserve important stories connected with Kumano faith and Fudaraku Tokai, the legendary journeys undertaken by Buddhist practitioners seeking the mythical Pure Land known as Fudaraku.
Historic sites associated with the Kumano Kujuku Oji, including Ichinono Oji and Hamanomiya Oji, can also be found in the area. Visiting them provides another way to understand the pilgrimage culture that shaped Kumano for centuries.
Festivals and Local Culture
Nachi Fire Festival
The Nachi Fire Festival, held every July, is one of Japan’s most spectacular traditional fire festivals and is often counted among the country’s three great fire festivals.
Men dressed in white ceremonial clothing carry enormous flaming torches along the stone steps near the sacred sites of Nachi. The sight of powerful flames moving through the forest creates a dramatic spectacle.
The combination of fire, sacred mountains, and the great waterfall expresses the powerful spiritual traditions of Kumano and makes this one of the most memorable cultural events in Wakayama.
Tuna Festival
The Tuna Festival, held in February, celebrates the town’s close connection with the sea. Visitors can enjoy fresh tuna dishes and watch impressive tuna-cutting demonstrations while experiencing the lively food culture of this fishing community.
Local Souvenirs of Nachikatsuura
Nachiguro
Nachiguro is a traditional confectionery associated with the Nachi area. This dark-colored candy has a rich brown-sugar flavor and has long been enjoyed by visitors traveling to the sacred sites of Kumano.
Otaki-mochi
Otaki-mochi, sold at Wakaya Honten, is a traditional sweet inspired by the appearance of Nachi Falls. Its soft texture and delicate sweetness make it a popular souvenir after visiting Nachi Mountain.
Local Soy Sauce and Vinegar
Locally produced soy sauce and vinegar are also popular souvenirs. Some products are made using the pure water of the Nachi area and traditional production methods, allowing visitors to take home a taste of the region’s natural environment and food culture.
A Special Journey Through Nachikatsuura
Nachikatsuura is a place where World Heritage pilgrimage routes, sacred mountains, powerful waterfalls, fresh tuna, ocean scenery, and hot springs come together.
You can walk along an ancient forest path, pray before a sacred waterfall, relax in a seaside hot spring, watch a traditional tuna auction, and enjoy freshly caught seafood—all within the same journey.
The town offers a rare opportunity to experience the relationship between nature and spirituality, mountains and the sea, history and everyday life. These connections are what give Kumano its distinctive character.
Discover the Spirit of Kumano
For travelers looking beyond Japan’s major cities, Nachikatsuura offers an unforgettable journey into a deeper and more traditional side of the country.
Follow the footsteps of ancient pilgrims, listen to the roar of Nachi Falls, taste the freshest tuna from Katsuura Port, and soak in a natural hot spring while looking out over the Pacific. In Nachikatsuura, every experience becomes part of a journey through the history, spirituality, nature, and food culture of Kumano.